Xen EFI
Xen in EFI
Xen 4.3 and later can be built as EFI binaries. Xen 4.5 can be built as an EFI binary under ARM. Xen 4.9 can be built with Multiboot2 support which GRUB2 2.02 uses.
Linux 3.17 and later when built with CONFIG_XEN_EFI can be booted under Xen in EFI platform.
Xen does support verifying of payloads, such as the initial kernel and its ramdisk via the Shim protocol (GUID: 0x605dab50, 0xe046, 0x4300, {0xab, 0xb6, 0x3d, 0xd8, 0x10, 0xdd, 0x8b, 0x23).
For shim repo, please see shim.
Compiling Xen as EFI
Compiling under x86
During the compilation process most of the Xen hypervisor code is compiled using the normal compiler (GCC). Only during the link-time do we employ the EFI linker to built an EFI binary.
As of Ubuntu 16.04 the binutils is compiled with PE (EFI) support. To verify run ld -V.
You are looking for i386pe in it, as so:
$ ld -V GNU ld version 2.26.1-1.2.fc25 Supported emulations: elf_x86_64 elf32_x86_64 elf_i386 elf_iamcu i386linux elf_l1om elf_k1om i386pep i386pe
Alternatively you can build the GCC crosstool chain documented in the OSDev.org wiki.
Or you can recompile your binutils (Fedora Core 25):
- dnf download --source binutils
- rpm -hiv binutil*.srpm
- cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS
- sudo dnf builddep --spec binutils.spec
- patch -p1 < pe_binutils.patch
The pe_binutils.patch looks as follow:
--- binutils.spec.orig 2017-01-31 09:24:18.988130013 -0500
+++ binutils.spec 2017-01-31 09:25:38.975347558 -0500
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
Summary: A GNU collection of binary utilities
Name: %{?cross}binutils%{?_with_debug:-debug}
Version: 2.26.1
-Release: 1%{?dist}
+Release: 1.2%{?dist}
License: GPLv3+
Group: Development/Tools
URL: http://sources.redhat.com/binutils
@@ -263,6 +263,11 @@
;;
esac
+case %{binutils_target} in x86_64*|i?86*|arm*|aarch64*)
+ CARGS="$CARGS --enable-targets=x86_64-pep"
+ ;;
+esac
+
%if 0%{?_with_debug:1}
CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -O0 -ggdb2 -Wno-error -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=0"
%define enable_shared 0
@@ -519,6 +524,9 @@
%endif # %{isnative}
%changelog
+* Tue Jan 31 2017 Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com> 2.26-1.1.2
+- Add PE support.
+
* Mon Aug 15 2016 Nick Clifton <nickc@redhat.com> 2.26.1-1
- Rebase on FSF binutils 2.26.1 release.
- Retire: binutils-2.26-formatting.patch
- rpmbuild -ba binutils.spec
- cd ../RPMS/x86_64/
- rpm -U binut*.rpm
In either way, you will have an xen.efi file.
Compiling under ARM
From: efi.html:
For arm64, the PE/COFF header is open-coded in assembly, so no toolchain support for PE/COFF is required. Also, the PE/COFF header co-exists with the normal Image format, so a single binary may be booted as an Image file or as an EFI application.
Booting Xen under EFI platform
There are two ways of booting Xen:
- From the EFI platform - which shows up in BIOS boot menu.
- Using an bootloader (such as GRUB2)
Xen as EFI binary (loading)
Xen.efi as an EFI binary can be executed by the EFI firmware immediately. As the firmware does not provide an command line (nor would you want to have it), Xen expects an configuration file to tell it what initial domain (and ramdisk) to load afterwards. This configuration file must reside in the same directory as the xen.efi. Also the payloads (vmlinuz and ramdisk) MUST also reside in said directory.
The boot mechanism is simple:
EFI firmware => Xen.efi [loads vmlinuz and ramdisk and executes vmlinuz]
To install it please follow these directions:
- sudo mkdir /boot/efi/EFI/xen
- sudo cp /boot/vmlinuz* /boot/efi/EFI/xen
- sudo cp /boot/initr* /boot/efi/EFI/xen/
[Both the Linux kernel and initramdisk MUST reside in the same directory as xen.efi]
- sudo cp /boot/xen/xen.efi /boot/efi/EFI/xen
- Create the xen.cfg file:
cat << EOF > /boot/efi/EFI/xen/xen.cfg global] default=ubuntu [ubuntu] options=console=vga,com1 com1=115200,8n1 iommu=verbose ucode=scan flask=disabled conring_size=2097152 loglvl=all kernel=vmlinuz-4.8.0-41-generic root=UUID=3f1e35fb-9907-48d1-b621-42369d5ad88f ro quiet vt.handoff=7 console=hvc0 ramdisk=initrd.img-4.8.0-41-generic [fedora] options=console=vga,com1 com1=115200,8n1 iommu=verbose ucode=scan flask=disabled conring_size=2097152 loglvl=all kernel=vmlinuz-4.9.3-200.fc25.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root console=hvc0 console=tty0 ramdisk=initramfs-4.9.3-200.fc25.x86_64.img
Make sure to modify the 'UUID' to match yours. You can find that from cat /proc/cmdline.
Also, modify the default to point to the right one.
Naturally the 'vmlinuz' and 'initramfs' may differ. Double-check that please.
- Add the xen.efi to the EFI boot manager:
efibootmgr -w -L Xen -l "\EFI\Xen\xen.efi" -c
which will produce a new boot target (for example):
[root@localhost EFI]# ls /boot/efi/EFI/Xen vmlinuz-4.9.3-200.fc25.x86_64 initramfs-4.9.3-200.fc25.x86_64.img xen.cfg xen.efi [root@localhost Xen]# efibootmgr -w -L Xen -l "\EFI\Xen\xen.efi" -c BootCurrent: 0000 Timeout: 0 seconds BootOrder: 0005,0001,0002,0003,0004,0000 Boot0000* Fedora Boot0001* UEFI: ASUS DRW-24B1ST Boot0002* CD/DVD Drive Boot0003* Hard Drive Boot0004* Network Card Boot0005* Xen
Xen as gz binary
GRUB2 loader when built as an EFI binary can load various OS-es. The most common one is Linux where it uses the linuxefi GRUB module. However GRUB2 also has support for multiboot protocol which is what Xen uses. Sadly v1 of multiboot API does not have enough data to provide information to Xen under the EFI platform.
GRUB 2.02 has also support for 'multiboot2' which can pass the EFI ImageHandler to the underlaying payload. This allows:
EFI firmware => GRUB2.EFI -> multiboot2 -> [xen.gz, vmlinuz, ramdisk]
And GRUB2 would be responsible for reading from the ESP the various files and loading them in the memory.
Xen 4.9 and later implements both multiboot and multiboot2. Prior versions only implemented multiboot.
If you are using an older version you can use the GRUB2 chainloader workaround. Example:
menuentry "Xen EFI" {
insmod part_gpt
insmod search_fs_uuid
insmod chain
chainloader (hd0,gpt1)/EFI/XEN/xen.efi
}
To build GRUB2 from scratch and utilize it please follow these instructions:
- git clone https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/grub.git
- cd grub
- ./autogen.sh
- ./configure --target=x86_64 --with-platform=efi
- make
- sudo make install
[It will install the files in /usr/local so won't conflict with the installed version]
- sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/default
- Setup an default GRUB entries:
cat << EOF > /usr/local/etc/default/grub GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="console=hvc0 loglevel=8 initcall_debug" GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN="loglvl=all guest_loglvl=all console=com1,vga com1=115200,8n1" GRUB_TERMINAL=serial GRUB_SERIAL_COMMAND="serial --speed=115200 --unit=0 --word=8 --parity=no --stop=1" EOF
[This is optional]
- sudo chmod 400 /usr/local/etc/grub.d/10_linux
[This is optional, but this way you will only have Xen entries]
- Script to combine the different grub modules in one EFI file:
cat << EOF > $HOME/build-grub
#!/bin/bash
GRUB_MODULES=" all_video boot btrfs cat chain configfile echo \
efifwsetup efinet ext2 fat font gfxmenu gfxterm gzio halt \
hfsplus iso9660 jpeg loadenv loopback lvm mdraid09 mdraid1x \
minicmd normal part_apple part_msdos part_gpt \
password_pbkdf2 png \
reboot search search_fs_uuid search_fs_file search_label \
serial sleep syslinuxcfg test tftp video xfs \
linux backtrace usb usbserial_common \
usbserial_pl2303 usbserial_ftdi usbserial_usbdebug multiboot multiboot2"
echo $GRUB_MODULES
./grub/grub-mkimage -v -O x86_64-efi -o grub2.efi -p /EFI/grub2 \
-d grub/grub-core ${GRUB_MODULES}
EOF
- chmod 755 $HOME/build-grub
- $HOME/build-grub
[That creates the grub2.efi with 'multiboot2' support along with other modules]
- sudo mkdir /boot/efi/EFI/grub2
- sudo cp $HOME/grub2.efi /boot/efi/EFI/grub2
- ./grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/grub2/grub.cfg
[Inspect the grub.cfg. Make sure that it has 'multiboot2' and 'module2' for Xen. You may need the patch titled: [PATCH] Use grub-file to figure out whether multiboot2 should be used for Xen.gz See [1]
- sudo efibootmgr -w -L GRUB2 -l "\EFI\grub2\grub2.efi" -c
[To create an EFI boot manager 'GRUB2' entry]
And you are good to go.
